How do court reporters type so fast?
The short answer
Court reporters transcribe proceedings based using a shorthand code for the phonetic sound of each syllable, rather than typing one keystroke for every letter.
The long answer
A court reporterโs keyboard is called a stenograph, which has only 22 keys. The keys on the left are used to type the first letter of a syllable of a word, the keys on the right are used for the last letter of the syllable, and vowel keys are on the bottom row. There is also a bar on the top of the stenograph used to type numbers.
A stenographer usually presses three or more keys simultaneously (known as "chords") for each syllable or sound of a word. Take "STOP," for example. A stenographer would type S and T on the left side because that's the first part of the word, O on the bottom for the vowel, and P on the right because it's the ending sound of the word.
But with only 22 keys in a court reporterโs keyboard, there are clearly some letters and sounds missing. To accommodate for that, stenographers will use different combinations of letters to note a missing letter.
For example, if they want to type a syllable that starts or ends with M, they will type P and H together. And since vowels don't sound the same in every word (e.g. "bAt" with a short A sound; and "bAit" with a long A sound), there are codes for those sounds as well. When all these codes are used, the shorthand looks nonsensical, but it makes sense to a trained stenographer
To make the process even faster, stenographers often program their own abbreviations for commonly used phrases, like "May it please the court."
Stenographs are often hooked up to a computer that contains special software which does the job of translating the shorthand into a readable transcript. Court reporters will then review the computer's translation for accuracy before submitting the official record.
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Sources
Court Reporting and Captioning at Home. (2014). How to Write on the Steno Machine - CALL 877-253-0200 Court Reporting and Captioning at Home. YouTube. Retrieved May 9, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAkkTtsPKOA.
Qwerty Steno. (n.d.). http://qwertysteno.com/Home/
Talty Court Reporters Inc. (2020, October 10). Everything You Need to Know About Court Reporting. Talty Court Reporters Inc. https://www.taltys.com/blog/everything-you-need-to-know-about-court-reporting/